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Types of Cryogenic Valves - Applications and Advantages

Cryogenic valves, as the name indicates, are valves that are used in extremely cold applications. Hence these are mostly found to be useful in companies that work with Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). The valves are commonly found in the oil and gas industries which usually deals with cryogenic temperature ranges starting from as low as -150°C (-238°F). Cryogenic valves are constructed to store such gases safely and also work great during transportation due to their ability to function efficiently in pressure settings as high as 750 psi and temperature as low as -196°C (-320°F).

Cryogenic Valve

Cryogenic valves are available in a variety of shapes and sizes to be able to function under different pressure ranges. Some of the commonly used cryogenic valves are ball valves, butterfly valves, solenoid valves and relief valves. Users have the option of operating the cryogenic valves manually or automatically (needed in large systems).

Let us help you understand some of the different types of cryogenic valves and their applications.

    • Cryogenic Ball Valves

As understood by the name, this valve has a ball and includes a Polytetrafluoroethylene body. These feature better flow characteristics than the globe valves. They perform excellently when a tight shut-off is needed in multiple applications. However, the ball valves are more likely to be worn out along the seals and around the ball itself. They are mostly preferred in applications that require an unrestricted flow path.

    • Cryogenic Relief Valves

These bring pressures to a pre-determined value and protect from over-pressurization. The relief valves are intelligent enough to let of steam in case safety limits are exceeded.

    • Cryogenic Globe Valves

They are named after their spherical shape and contain a movable disk internally that rotates at an angle of 90 degrees to the plane of its body seat. These are quite complex and are great for long-term sealing performance. However, they may not resist moisture for long and are not recommended for use when flow rate is paramount.

    • Cryogenic Gate Valves

In these valves, there is a wedge-shaped gate that swings to close in line with the mating body seat. They result in minimal pressure drop even in its fully open position. Similar to the ball valves, they offer good flow characteristics but are hindered by wear and tear.

    • Cryogenic Butterfly Valves

The butterfly valves utilize a circular disk at the center that is responsible for the shorter length of the butterfly valves than the aforementioned varieties of cryogenic valves. They are typically sued when quick opening and closing actions are required. Moreover, these are lighter and cheaper too with simplicity of operation.

The cryogenic gases are extremely sensitive, and an unnoticed leak can cause excessive damage and serious hazards. Standard valves contract and expand at various rates and therefore when exposed to freezing cold or hot temperatures, they may develop cracks in the seal resulting in leakages.

Cryogenic valves are usually kept closed in order to contain the gases safely. It is designed to open in high pressure conditions and allow free flow of the gases until the pressure reduces when it seals using a metal seat to prevent further leakage. For any questions or if you would like to learn more about Cryogenic Valves, please contact Evergreen Midwest today at 800-659-3358 or by email at sales@emwco.com.